By Jee-Peng Tan, Jock R. Anderson, Pedro Belli
ISBN-10: 0821348507
ISBN-13: 9780821348505
'Economic research of funding Operations' offers basic rules and methodologies which are appropriate throughout sectors, together with quantitative threat research. It offers either conception and perform approximately tips on how to assessment transportation, future health, and schooling initiatives; and explains tips on how to investigate the environmental influence of initiatives. It offers a clean examine the instruments of venture research and explains easy methods to observe quantitative research of prices and merits from a number of perspectives—including the non-public zone, the general public area, bankers, and the rustic as a complete. The examples used to demonstrate the foundations are drawn from genuine initiatives of the area financial institution and different associations.
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Extra resources for Economic Analysis of Investment Operations: Analytical Tools and Practical Applications (WBI Development Studies)
Example text
Therefore, they are this handbook’s preferred risk analysis tools. The Process of Economic Analysis Economic analysis is an iterative process that normally begins with a “without the project” situation, which is the baseline against which all alternatives are compared. Through a process of successive approximations, the analyst defines alternatives, drops poor project components, includes new components, examines the alternatives from financial and economic points of view, compares them with the baseline and with each other, and modifies them until a suitable and optimal project design emerges.
What would it look like with the project? What will be the impact of the project on various groups in society? In particular, what will be the impact of the project on the provision of goods and services in the private sector? Will the project add to the provision of goods and services, or will it substitute for or displace goods and services that would have been provided anyway? These differences between the situation with and without the project are the basis for assessing the incremental costs and benefits of the project.
What matters are future costs and future benefits. Costs incurred in the past are sunk costs that cannot be avoided. When analyzing a proposed project, sunk costs are ignored. Economic and financial analyses consider only future returns to future costs. Ignoring sunk costs sometimes leads to seemingly paradoxical, but correct, results. If a considerable amount has already been spent on a project, the future returns to the costs of completing the project may be extremely high, even if the project should never have been undertaken.