By Peter J. Stanlis
ISBN-10: 0765809907
ISBN-13: 9780765809902
This day the belief of traditional legislations because the uncomplicated factor in ethical, felony, and political notion offers a problem no longer confronted for nearly 2 hundred years. at the floor, there would seem to be little room within the modern global for a common trust in normal legislation. the fundamental philosophies of the opposition-the rationalism of the philosophes, the utilitarianism of Bentham, the materialism of Marx-appear to have made earlier philosophies inappropriate. but those more moderen philosophies themselves were overtaken by way of disillusionment born of confl icts among "might" and "right." Many considerate those that have been dependable to secular trust became dissatisfi ed with the shortcoming of normative rules and feature grew to become once again to normal legislations. This fi rst book-length examine of Edmund Burke and his philosophy, initially released in 1958, explores this highbrow giant's dating to, and trust in, the typical legislations.
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Extra info for Edmund Burke and the Natural Law
Sample text
To the care of the sovereign belongs the making of good laws. But ‘good law’ does not mean ‘just law’, because a law made by the sovereign cannot be unjust. Justice means, in practice, obedience to the law, and this is why, according to Hobbes, justice comes into existence only after a law has been made by the sovereign. Justice cannot itself be the appropriate standard for the law. indb 29 09/12/2010 10:48 30 Q&A Jurisprudence 2011–2012 law, he does so as though the citizens were making it collectively.
Natural law is often contrasted with the ‘positive law’, namely, the legal rules promulgated in formal fashion by the state and enforced through defined sanctions. A problem for students is to decide which ‘type’ of natural law is being referred to, since the term has been used in so many different senses. It is essential, therefore, to check the precise historical and juristic context of the term, particularly when answering questions on this topic. Checklist 4 Ensure that you understand the following topics: n natural and positive law contrasted; n natural law as an aspect of Divine providence; n Aquinas’s divisions of law; n the link between natural law and modern legal systems (the ‘common good’ view of law); n Finnis’s self-evident human goods.
A man should be willing, when others are similarly minded, to relinquish his rights to all things ‘and be contented with so much liberty against other men as he would allow other men against himself’. To refuse to part with one’s rights to all things is to act against the law of nature and ‘the reason of peace’. A third law concerns the duty of a man to carry out a contract to which he is a party. These laws are considered by Hobbes to be immutable and eternal; they have application to all societies and are supplemented by precepts, such as the need to avoid ingratitude, and the using of things in common that cannot be divided.