By Marcel L.J. Wissenburg
ISBN-10: 1857288505
ISBN-13: 9781857288506
This article argues, from a liberal point of view, for a thorough re-interpretation of present principles bearing on social justice. because the Eighties there was debate among liberals and their critics, in regards to the use of impartiality as a suggestion on which to base social theories of justice. In introducing an neutral typical of the precise, the consequences are usually sexist, anthropocentric, capitalistic and oppressive. Wissenberg argues that this doesn't suggest we must always abandon the right of impartiality and defends the thesis that impartiality and the liberal undertaking may be kept. The ebook explores a liberal concept of justice that takes the middle inspiration of impartiality heavily; that takes account of ethical pluralism with no attempting to downgrade it or lessen it to the rank of a secondary challenge; that argues for ideas of justice respecting person notions of the nice existence instead of reformulating them when it comes to one common degree of the nice or the proper; that cherishes plurality, range and tolerance rather than uniformity and ethical indifference.
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Extra info for Imperfection and Impartiality: A Liberal Theory Of Social Justice
Sample text
Unfortunately, they do not pass the Sidgwick test. It is true that they are supported by a general consensus of opinion, but the consensus is limited to a very small community of like-minded philosophers in the Anglo-Saxon tradition. It is true that they are self-evident, but not on reflection; in fact, we often find that authors treat one or more of them as postulates that require no further defence, no reflection. Finally, whether these seven principles meet Sidgwick’s demand for mutual consistency cannot be determined because they do not meet his first demand of being clear and precise.
Their attempts to transcend the interests and prejudices of ordinary human beings in the real world lead them to the use of counterfactual worlds as instruments of justification. First, the appeal to impartiality is presented as an appeal to extract an idea of the essence of man and society from the ‘real’ world by eliminating contingency. From there on, it is a small step towards translating this abstract idea into a more appealing illusion: the original position, the state of nature, godlike ideal observers, a desert island or a funny new planet where all resources fall from the sky.
This axiom allows two interpretations, a negative and a positive one. For some authors (Ackerman, Nozick, Walzer) equality means that there is no authoritative source of knowledge for determining a person’s worth qua person; for others, like Rawls and Dworkin, liberty implies and justifies equality. For all, distributive principles must be established without reference to a person’s worth. By fraternity I mean nothing more than mutual concern. There is no consensus even on the subject of concern.