By Duncan Brack
ISBN-10: 0585395381
ISBN-13: 9780585395388
ISBN-10: 1853836206
ISBN-13: 9781853836206
Targeting the most probably affects on exchange of the UN Framework conference on weather swap and the Kyoto Protocol, this booklet examines the particular and strength conflicts among no matter if liberalization of exchange undermines the efforts of industrialised international locations to mitigate weather swap. will probably be crucial interpreting for environmental economists and people engaged in foreign environmental kin and coverage.
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Additional info for International Trade and Climate Change Policies (Trade and Environment Series)
Sample text
To prevent free-riding (wherenon-p~cipantsenjoy the advantages of the MEA without incurring its costs) by en~ouraginggovernments to join and/or comply withthe MEA. l8 As Thomas Cottier has argued, the ‘approach of construing the term like product in accordance with the very purpose of G A m and therefore in terms of prohibiting protectio~staims or effects ofproduct differen~ationis more suitable not only to theofrole panels, butalso leaves g o v e ~ e n tthe s necessary scope to pursue legitimate ~ade-related policies’.
It discn~natedagainst a ‘like product’. In 1994, another GATT panel, ruling on an EU-US dispute over car imports, slightly relaxed the defi~tion, conside~~g that vehicles of different fillel efficiency standards could be considered not to be like products. However, it placed strict boundaries on this conclusion, arguing that ArticleI11 of the GATT referred only to a ‘product as a product, fkom its introduction into the market to itsfiial c o n ~ u m p ~ o nFactors ’ . ~ ~ relating to the manu~actureof the product before its introduction into the mar~etwere, therefore, still irrelevant.
6 -6 m t! , The Economic Impact 1997. of world of Inte~ationulClimute Change Policy, ABAM, Finally,modellitudiesalso high~ghthowthe impacts de how emissions ctions are implemented. Measures which reduce the costs to industrialized countries, such as emissions trading, will also reduce adverse impacts on de~elopingcountries. Fu~hermore,if emissions tradingis extended to include developing countries, trade in emission quotas itself could become a source of revenue. D. S. D. G. M. Yang, TO, emission limits: economic adjus~entsand the~ s ~ i b ofuburdens’ ~ o ~ The Energy J o u ~ a lvol.