By Gridling G.
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Was this wise? Even if the controller can handle the current, what reasons might a hardware designer have to put in a resistor anyway? 4 CHAPTER 2. MICROCONTROLLER COMPONENTS Analog I/O In the previous section, we have covered digital I/O. There, analog signals were mapped to two discrete values 0 and 1. g. when using a photo transistor as light sensor: The voltage drop it produces at its output is directly proportional to the amount of light falling on the transistor, and to adequately evaluate the sensor output, the microcontroller must deal with the analog value.
All comparator outputs are connected to a priority encoder which will output the binary number that corresponds to the most significant bit that is set in the input value. The lsb of the encoder is connected to 1, so if none of the comparators is active, the encoder will output the code word 0. 5 lsb for code 2r − 2, and widths of 1 lsb for all other classes. The major advantage of the flash converter, which lends it its name, is its speed: the conversion is done in one step, all possible classes to which the input voltage may correspond are checked simultaneously.
3. 5] V. 6VCC ) within which the signal is said to be undefined. Digital Sampling Since the digital signal is just a voltage value, the question arises how this voltage value is transformed into a binary value within a register. As a first solution, we could simply use latches for the PIN register and latch the current state of the pin into the register. If the latch is triggered by the system clock, it will store the current state at the beginning of every cycle. Naturally, since we can only sample with the granularity of the system clock, this means that we may recognize a state change only belatedly.