By Nancy R. London
ISBN-10: 0195064240
ISBN-13: 9780195064247
Over the last decade, jap organizations have made a sequence of huge, news-generating presents to a number of usa universities, museums, and examine associations. lots of those presents have differed in either nature and importance from the contributions made by way of jap businesses regionally. The stir generated by way of such company provides is evidenced at the one hand through the inflow into Japan of yankee, eu, and Asian fundraisers looking can provide for his or her firms, and however by way of the intensifying debate inside of Japan concerning the acceptable function for eastern associations as overseas company philanthropists and voters. as with all aspect of the advanced United States-Japan courting, cultural disparities make the yankee and jap methods to philanthropy rather diverse, growing the opportunity of friction and sadness during this realm as without doubt as within the realm of alternate and foreign company. This ebook examines significant felony and practical elements of jap company philanthropy and makes an attempt to put them of their cultural atmosphere. Drawing on her event as an legal professional and 5 years in Japan, Ms. London goals to make eastern company grantmaking extra understandable not just to american citizens but in addition to eastern as they start to concentration extra consciousness at the function and that means of company philanthropy.
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Extra info for Japanese Corporate Philanthropy
Example text
65. 9. S. concept of private foundations. In fact, there are over 220,000 organizations incorporated under Article 34 of the Civil Code, but at least 200,000 of these were formed under special legislation that incorporates the provisions of the Civil Code. Many of these latter organizations are either religious or quasipublic entities. 10. Note that the number of national government agencies also includes those organizations authorized by local branches of the national agencies, so that the number of those organizations under local control is in excess of 15,000.
Taxexempt status is an automatic consequence of being incorporated as a nonprofit entity. Establishing a Foundation 39 This granting of tax-free status requires no consultation with the Ministry of Finance or with the National lax Administration (the NTA, a division of the Ministry of Finance). By contrast, the ability of an organization to receive contributions that will be tax deductible by the donor, is strictly controlled by the Ministry of Finance and is largely subject to its discretion. The consequences of all this decentralization and discretion are numerous.
Takako Amemiya pointed out, many "neutral" organizations such as alumni associations and unions, which are nonprofit but organized primar- Establishing a Foundation 43 ily for the benefit of their members, have qualified under Article 34 as nonprofit public-interest corporations eligible to receive taxdeductible contributions. "It is a defect of the legislation," observed Ms. "10 This defect in the legislation has led to the incongruous inclusion of the Sumo Wrestling Association, the Japan Motor Boat Racing Association (the latter is essentially a gambling association), and various local parking lots and golf courses in the roster of publicinterest organizations eligible to receive tax-deductible contributions.