By Thomas Ryckman
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Additional info for The Reign of Relativity
Sample text
73 “Designation” itself is nothing more than the act of coordination of a conceptual sign to an object of an external reality, leaving every object as it is, existing independently of concepts and completely individuated. 74 Accordingly, a judgment is true if its signs (concepts) unambiguously (univocally) designate objects within that part of reality under consideration; however, the criterion of univocality (Eindeutigkeit) can be satisfied by different systems of judgments, all equally “true”.
Reichenbach's neoconventionalist treatment of physical geometry, allowing different choices of material standards implementing the mathematical concept of “congruence”, would be the first, and most successful, fruit of a general epistemological method requiring the analysis of scientific theories into disjoint factual and a definitional parts. Ironically, in view of this ever more explicit realism, the cost of surrendering his conception of the “relative a priori” is that Reichenbach must then refrain from the conclusion, obtained from the “method of successive approximation”, that global Euclidean geometry is not true of physical space.
Hence, any claim that space and time are necessary a priori forms of intuition could pertain, at most, to purely qualitative and subjective properties of space and time, not to the quantitative measurable relations of physics. 2 Now, with the general theory of relativity, Kantian and neo-Kantian epistemological analyses of relativity theory seemed, prima facie, in further difficulty. The Kantian claim regarding the necessarily Euclidean character of space in the doctrine of pure intuition of the Transcendental Aesthetic appeared straightforwardly refuted.