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Similarly, the nature and meaning of time, especially the differences between employee time and employer or working time, varies by the interests and norms of the perceiver. In certain cases, a clash of cultural values clearly exists and legal decisions, although seeming oblivious to the fact, choose one cultural value over another. This realization is not discussed in order to suggest that cultural choices can be avoided, but to recognize that the "of course" statements by decision makers reflect not only underlying values, but often a particular set of cultural values.

Various sections of this volume have been read by William Greiner, John Henry Schlegel, and Dean Thomas Headrick, who has also been very suppor- Page x tive throughout this long and often agonizing process. I wish to specially mention my good friend and colleague Fred Konefsky who generously read and reread the manuscript and whose ideas, insight, and repeated expressions of interest and concern were invaluable. Moreover, Fred offered constant aid and support and he cajoled and nudged when necessary.

Unfortunately, a good deal of doctrinal information will be necessary for purposes of exposition, and normal legal analysis will be employed to demonstrate its inability to explain the legal doctrine. Much of the discussion will be a critique of doctrine, using legal and nonlegal materials. Such a mixture is untraditional in legal writing, but the relevance of social-science and historical material to legal analysis is, I believe, indisputable. Legal doctrine is stressed throughout the text, not as an end in itself, but, rather, as evidence of values and ideology, or, if you prefer, consciousness.