By Thomas R. Biebighauser
ISBN-10: 0813124476
ISBN-13: 9780813124476
Wetlands are an integral part of the panorama and ecology of the U.S., offering nutrition and preserve for species starting from the gorgeous wooden duck to the tiny fairy shrimp. those components supply serious habitat for fish and natural world, shield groups from flooding, and recharge groundwater provides -- but they remain destroyed at an alarming cost. a close research of wetlands administration, Wetland Drainage, recovery, and service is a finished advisor to the prior, current, and way forward for wetland restoration within the usa. The ebook contains a historic evaluate of wetland destruction and service during the last 2 hundred years and in addition serves as a special source for a person, from beginner to engineer, drawn to the method of wetland recovery. writer Thomas R. Biebighauser attracts from his personal titanic event in construction and repairing greater than 950 wetlands throughout North the USA. integrated are a number of images and case reports that spotlight successes of previous tasks. specific, step by step directions consultant the reader during the making plans and implementation of every recovery motion. Biebighauser additionally offers a few potent ideas for beginning and bettering investment for wetlands courses. Wetland Drainage, recovery, and service is key examining for all who care approximately and for those vital ecosystems.
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Extra info for Wetland Drainage, Restoration, and Repair
Example text
On the ground, “lands” look like a series of parallel ditches that have been dug at about 60-foot intervals over a field, with the ditches moving water ever so slowly downhill. Water can stand in the shallow ditches during the winter and spring and, after a heavy rain, most any time of year. In summer, the ditches may appear as rows of bulrushes. Hydric soils are generally present in the ditches and can be found 1 foot or more below the surface of the higher ridges between the ditches. John Newman and his father before him have labored since 1899 to farm the wet fields along Fox Creek in Fleming County, Kentucky.
We jumped down to the creek bed and could see water flowing from a vertical face on the exposed creek bank, about 3 feet down from the top, where he said the outlet was located. No rocks were visible from where the water emerged. ” Eddie had also dug two short open ditches near the lower edge of the small field to help remove surface water after the creek had changed channels. I asked Eddie why the Conways went to all the trouble of making this rock ditch. He explained, “They had to. Surface water will scald tobacco roots in 24 hours or less, and kill the plants.
Surprisingly, he didn’t bury drain lines in the very bottom of a ditch but up a little, on one side. Since the bottom of the ditch was often soft and muddy, it was better to dig along the upper side of the ditch. The bottom of the ditch could also wash and erode, exposing the drain line. He buried the tile line 30 inches or more deep, so it was placed well below the bottom of the ditch and drew water the same as if it were located in the bottom of the ditch. He generally stationed the drain line along the downhill side of the waterway.