By Eric Dinerstein, David M. Olson, Douglas J. Graham
ISBN-10: 0821332953
ISBN-13: 9780821332955
Read or Download A conservation assessment of the terrestrial ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean PDF
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Extra resources for A conservation assessment of the terrestrial ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean
Sample text
Biological diversity conservationLatin AmericaEvaluation. Biological diversity conservationCaribbean AreaEvaluation. EcologyCaribbean AreaEvaluation. 9516'098dc20 95-227 CIP Page v Contents Foreword viii Acknowledgments ix Authors xi Contributors xii Acronyms and Abbreviations xv Executive Summary xvi Introduction 1 1 Approach 4 Fundamental Goals Underlying the Approach 4 Snapshot Conservation Status 7 Final Conservation Status 8 Biological Distinctiveness 8 Biodiversity Conservation Priority 10 2 Major Ecosystem Types, Major Habitat Types, and Ecoregions of LAC 12 Major Ecosystem Types (METs) 12 Major Habitat Types (MHTs) 12 Ecoregions 14 3 Conservation Status of Terrestrial Ecoregions of LAC 16 Results 17 4 Biological Distinctiveness of Terrestrial Ecoregions of LAC at Different Biogeographic Scales 20 Results 20 5 Integrating Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 22 Results 22 Major Trends 24 6 Conservation Assessment of Mangrove Ecosystems 36 Definition 36 Ecological Attributes of Mangrove Ecosystems 36 Delineation of Mangrove Complexes and Units 37 Conservation Status 39 Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Activities 39 7 Conclusions and Recommendations 42 Comparisons with Other Priority-Setting Frameworks for LAC 46 Application of the Methodology to Finer Geographic Scales 46 Page vi Appendixes A Methods Used for Assessing the Conservation Status of Terrestrial Ecoregions 49 B Methods Used for Assessing the Conservation Status of Mangrove Units 59 C Definitions of Major Ecosystem Types and Major Habitat Types 63 D Hierarchical Classification Scheme of LAC Ecoregions 66 E Results of Assessments of Landscape-Level Criteria, Conservation Status, and Biological Distinctiveness of Non-Mangrove Ecoregions 71 F Ecoregion Profiles and Sources Consulted for Their Delineation, Classification, and Assessment 84 G Sources for Remaining Natural Habitat and Protected Area Assessments 117 Glossary 123 References 127 Figures 1-1 Analytical Steps Used to Derive Biodiversity Conservation Priorities 5 1-2 Hierarchical Classification Scheme of METs, MHTs, Ecoregions, and Bioregions 6 2-1 Number of Ecoregions by Size Categories 14 Tables 1-1 Matrix for Integrating Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status to Assign Priorities for Biodiversity Conservation 11 2-1 Important Attributes of the Major Habitat Types of Latin America and the Caribbean 13 3-1 Snapshot Conservation Status of Ecoregions by Major Habitat Type 17 3-2 Final Conservation Status of Ecoregions by Major Habitat Type 18 3-3 Final Conservation Status by Size of Ecoregion 18 3-4 Final Conservation Status by Bioregion 19 4-1 Biological Distinctiveness of Ecoregions by Major Habitat Type 21 5-1 Conservation Importance of Ecoregions by Major Habitat Type 23 5-2 Final Conservation Status and Biological Distinctiveness of All Non-Mangrove Ecoregions 24 5-3 Tropical Moist Broadleaf Forests: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 25 5-4 Tropical Dry Broadleaf Forests: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 27 5-5 Temperate Forests: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 28 5-6 Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 29 5-7 Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 30 5-8 Flooded Grasslands: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 31 5-9 Montane Grasslands: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 32 Page vii 5-10 Mediterranean Scrub: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 33 5-11 Deserts and Xeric Shrublands: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 34 5-12 Restingas: Integration Matrix of Biological Distinctiveness and Conservation Status 35 6-1 Conservation Status of Mangrove Units of LAC 38 6-2 Most Appropriate Conservation Activities for Mangrove Units of LAC 40 7-1 Ecoregions of Highest Priority at Regional Scale by Bioregion and Major Habitat Type 43 A-1 Habitat Block Analysis for Tropical Broadleaf Forest MET 54 A-2 Habitat Block Analysis for Conifer/Temperate Broadleaf Forest MET 54 A-3 Habitat Block Analysis for Grassland/Savanna/Shrubland MET 54 A-4 Habitat Block Analysis for Xeric Formation MET 54 A-5 Degree of Protection Analysis for Broadleaf and Conifer Forest METs 56 A-6 Degree of Protection Analysis for Grassland/Savanna/Shrubland and Xeric Formation METs 56 A-7 Degree of Protection Analysis Suggested for Large Ecoregions 56 B-1 Habitat Block Analysis for Mangrove Units 60 B-2 Degree of Protection Analysis for Mangrove Units 60 Maps 1 Bioregions of Latin America and the Caribbean 2a Major Habitat Types of Mexico and Central America 2b Major Habitat Types of the Caribbean 2c Major Habitat Types of South America 3 Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean 4 Mangrove Complexes and Units of Latin America and the Caribbean 5 Snapshot Conservation Status of Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean 6 Final Conservation Status of Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean (Snapshot Conservation Status Modified by Threat) 7 Biological Distinctiveness of Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean 8 Biodiversity Conservation Priority of Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean 9 Biodiversity Conservation Priority of Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean (Incorporating Consideration of Bioregional Representation) Large-format map (insert): Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean Page viii Foreword As leading financiers of biodiversity conservation in Latin America and the Caribbean, the World Bank and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) have a responsibility to target conservation funds to the areas of greatest concern and need.
Grau (World Wide Fund for Nature-UK) D. Gross (World Bank, USA) D. Heesen (USAID, COSTA RICA) A. Henderson (New York Botanical Gardens, USA) O. Herrera-MacBryde (IUCN/Smithsonian, USA) I. Heywood (World Wildlife Fund-US) S. Higman (Guyana Forest Commission, GUYANA) R. Howard (Arnold Arboretum, USA) O. Huber (Fundación Botanico, VENEZUELA) R. Huber (World Bank, USA) E. Iñigo-Elias (University of Florida, USA) P. Iolster (World Wildlife Fund-US) A. Iriarte Walton (Servicio Agricola y Ganadero, Ministerio de Agricultura, CHILE) J.
Higman (Guyana Forest Commission, GUYANA) R. Howard (Arnold Arboretum, USA) O. Huber (Fundación Botanico, VENEZUELA) R. Huber (World Bank, USA) E. Iñigo-Elias (University of Florida, USA) P. Iolster (World Wildlife Fund-US) A. Iriarte Walton (Servicio Agricola y Ganadero, Ministerio de Agricultura, CHILE) J. Izquierdo (FAO, CHILE) D. Janzen (University of Pennsylvania, USA/COSTA RICA) N. Johnson (World Resources Institute [WRI], USA) P. Jones (CIAT, COLOMBIA) M. Kalin de Arroyo (Universidad de Chile, CHILE) C.