By Christoph Stippich
ISBN-10: 3662451220
ISBN-13: 9783662451229
ISBN-10: 3662451239
ISBN-13: 9783662451236
The moment, revised version of this profitable textbook presents an up to date description of using preoperative fMRI in sufferers with mind tumors and epilepsies. cutting-edge fMRI techniques are awarded, with distinctive attention of useful points, imaging and information processing, common and pathological findings, and diagnostic percentages and obstacles. suitable info on mind body structure, sensible neuroanatomy, imaging strategy, and method is equipped through well-known specialists in those fields. in comparison with the 1st variation, chapters were up-to-date to mirror the newest advancements and specifically the present use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state fMRI. completely new chapters are integrated on resting-state presurgical fMRI and the position of DTI and tractography in mind tumor surgical procedure. extra chapters handle multimodality sensible neuroimaging, mind plasticity, and pitfalls, guidance, and tricks.
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Additional info for Clinical Functional MRI: Presurgical Functional Neuroimaging
Sample text
18 R. Goebel Y' X' 90° 180° 180° TE T2 T2* FID Spin echo Spin echo Fig. 4 The effect of constant magnetic field inhomogeneities can be reversed by application of a 180° RF pulse, which flips the dephased vectors about the X′ axis. This is indicated in the upper row with three spin vectors, one precessing at the resonance frequency (green vector), one precessing slightly faster (violet vector), and one precessing slightly slower (blue vector) leading to dephasing. The 180° RF pulse reverses the order of the spins but not the direction of rotation.
Furthermore, event-related designs allow post hoc sorting of individual brain responses. One important example of post hoc sorting is the separation of brain responses for correctly vs. incorrectly performed trials. The possibilities of event-related fMRI designs are comparable to standard behavioral and ERP analyses. 8) after presentation of a short stimulus; if only the positive BOLD response is considered, the signal extends over 10–15 s. The easiest way to conduct event-related fMRI designs is to temporally separate individual trials far enough to avoid overlapping responses of successive trials.
This is indicated in the upper row with three spin vectors, one precessing at the resonance frequency (green vector), one precessing slightly faster (violet vector), and one precessing slightly slower (blue vector) leading to dephasing. The 180° RF pulse reverses the order of the spins but not the direction of rotation. The faster spin now runs behind catching up over time, while the slower spin runs ahead slowly falling back. At time TE (echo time), the vectors are back in phase producing a large signal, the spin echo.