By Ming Chao Gui
ISBN-10: 3895866342
ISBN-13: 9783895866340
Kunming chinese language, in general considered as lingua franca of Yunnan province, is a huge number of Yunnanese, a member of Southwestern Mandarin. established totally on the linguistic typology and geographic distribution, Kunming chinese language has been additional categorized in a single of the 4 significant subgroups of Yunnanese: imperative Yunnan staff. Kunming chinese language, in addition to all of the dialects in Yunnan province, has a protracted historical past of improvement, that could most likely be traced again to Qin and Han dynasties. The languages of twenty-four ethnic teams inhabiting within the related speech neighborhood additionally play a vital function within the improvement of Kunming chinese language. in the past Kunming chinese language continues to be a much less studied dialect and no entire paintings has been performed on its significant grammatical elements, particularly morphology and syntax. This booklet is meant to supply a descriptive account for the grammar of Kunming chinese language as spoken in Kunming urban and its vicinities. the foremost themes mentioned are: phonetics and phonology; the phonological advancements some time past sixty years; morpheme different types and be aware formation; grammatical different types, syntactic different types; sentence varieties and constructions. particular discussions are given to the idiosyncratic positive factors of the dialect: fronting and deletion of nasal in nasal rhymes, lack of rhotic preliminary sequence, breathy phonation; infix, the functionality and lack of "-er" suffix, be aware mixing, reduplication and its interplay with tone swap; query phrases and query formation. The booklet additionally positive aspects an interlinear textual content with transcription and translation demonstrating the key good points mentioned.
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Extra info for Kunming Chinese
Sample text
3. Complex sentences thai na1piel sa2la4jiu2. 1. Coordination Coordinate complex sentences contain two or more clauses. The different types of coordinate relationship are reflected by different categories of correlatives. The two or more clauses in the same complex sentence could have the same subject/topic or different subjects/topics. The occurrence of the clauses is not ordered. The coordinate correlatives can be categorized into four major types: I . coordinative, which include the following correlatives: I) 'jiu4 ..
Complex sentence categories Complex sentences can be categorized into two major types according to the relationship of the clauses in the sentences. The clauses in a coordinate sentence are independent while the clauses in subordinate sentence are not. Depending on the types of correlatives that are used to connect the two clauses, coordinate sentences can be further divided into four different types: I) coordinate sentence, 2) successive sentence, 3) progressive sentence, and 4) alternative sentence.
According to the structural and functional aspects, simple sentences can be further divided into two more detailed categories respectively. The structural category includes two different types of sentences: I) Subject-Predicate (S-P) sentences, also known as "double-element sentence" indicating the two major components: subject and predicate in the san1e sentence and 2) non-Subject-Predicate (non-S·P) sentences, also known as "single-element sentence" indicating the fact that there is only one major component in each sentence.