Download Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics, Vol. 92 by Peter W. Hawkes (Ed.) PDF

By Peter W. Hawkes (Ed.)

ISBN-10: 0120147343

ISBN-13: 9780120147342

This quantity comprises chapters discussing picture enhancement and propagation, and box behaviour in hugely anisotropic media. it's meant for researchers in optical technology, electric engineering, photo processing and mechanical engineering.

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Many streak suppression methods, including the one described here, can be considered as variants of the box-filtering technique (McDonnell, 1981). For better matching the streak structure, let us choose a rectangular m x n observation window U,centered on the current pixel ( x , y ) . Assuming horizontal streaks, n should be chosen to be sensibly greater than the streak width, while m should be equal to the estimated shortest streak segment between gaps. The method is based upon the assumption that the deviation between the average gray value ,uuover U and the average ,uo over the current line through (x, y ) (with m x 1 pixels) is an error due to a streak.

The value of Q is taken equal to 1. The enhanced, background-free image signal u(x, y) is given by u(x, Y ) = f ( x , Y ) - g(x,Y ) + min (X,Y) E 4 1 M X , Y)l. c. Background Extraction by Gray- Value Tracking with Lag. Also, the method developed by Voss and SuDe (1991) aims at determining the image component with very low spatial frequencies, without making use of a timeconsuming large-window averaging filter. The main idea is that of shaping a background function b,(x,y), which slowly tracks the gray-value function f ( x , y ) , scanned for instance linewise from left to right, in such a way that sudden variations of f ( x , y) are not reproduced.

It implies generally a global gray-value shift, which eventually undergoes a partial compensation, while in the former the local average is not altered. In practice, the borders between these two cases are rather fuzzy. A . Local Range Stretching and Rank Transformation A contrast enhancement can be obtained by stretching the local grayvalue range in the observation window U to the full gray-value scale 0, ,G - 1. Several variants of this method are described in the literature, as for instance by Alparslan and Ince (1981), Fahnestock and Schowengerdt (1983), Yaroslavsky (1985), and Kim and Yaroslavskii (1986).

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