By M. J. N. Sibley (auth.)
ISBN-10: 0333475135
ISBN-13: 9780333475133
ISBN-10: 1349207187
ISBN-13: 9781349207183
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Sample text
6 x 10- 19 C. Thus, to be an efficient semiconductor light source, the LED or laser should be made of a direct band-gap material. 1 lists the band-gap energy, and transition type, of a range of semiconductors. We can see from this that all the common single element materials have an indirect band-gap and so are never used as optical fibre light sources. However, the III-V semiconductors have a direct band-gap, and so are most often used. 55 eV, resulting in light of wavelength in the region 900 nm to 800 nm.
M diameter fibre. 4 Fibre drawing from a double crucible A major disadvantage of fibre-pulling from a preform is that the process does not lend itself to continuous production. However, if the fibre can be drawn directly from the core and cladding glasses, then a continuous process results, making the fibre cheaper to produce. Such a process is the double crucible method of fibre manufacture (also known as the direct melt technique). In a double crucible pulling tower, two concentric funnels, the double crucible, replaces the preform.
This forms the cladding of the final fibre, and so it may need to be doped when formed. 14a, the substrate is made by depositing a layer of Si0 2 particles and dopants, called a soot, onto a rotating ceramic former, or mandrel. When the soot reaches the required depth, it is vitrified into a clear glass by heating to about l400°C. The mandrel can then be withdrawn. (A complete preform can also be made by depositing the core glass first, and then depositing the cladding. The mandrel can then be withdrawn, and the resulting tube collapsed to form a preform.